What is the obliquus capitis superior muscle?
The obliquus capitis superior is a muscle of the neck and head responsible for extension and ipsilateral flexion of the head by acting at the atlanto-occipital joint. The obliquus capitis superior is part of a group of muscles called the suboccipital muscles which includes the obliquus capitis inferior, rectus capitis posterior major and rectus capitis posterior minor. (1)
Origin, insertion and function
Origin
Transverse process of the atlas vertebra (C1).
Insertion
Between the superior and inferior nuchal lines of occipital bone.
Function
- Bilaterally extends the head
- Unilaterally flexed the head
Common signs of weak obliquus capitis superior muscles
Here are some common signs of weak obliquus capitis superior muscles:
- Headaches
- Neck pain
- Reduced neck mobility
- Tension or tightness in the neck and shoulders
- Dizziness or vertigo
- Imbalance or unsteadiness
- Tinnitus (ringing in the ears)
It’s important to note that weak obliquus capitis superior muscles can be a result of other underlying issues such as spinal problems, so a proper medical evaluation is necessary to determine the cause of these symptoms.
Exercises that strengthen the obliquus superior
Here are some exercises to help strengthen the obliquus capitis superior muscle:
Neck Rotation:
- Sit or stand with good posture.
- Turn your head to the right as far as you can.
- Hold for 5 seconds.
- Repeat on the left side.
Side-lying neck rotation:
- Lie on your right side with your head supported by a pillow.
- Keep your neck in a neutral position and avoid rotating your head forward.
- Turn your head to the left as far as you can.
- Hold for 5 seconds.
- Repeat on the other side.
Chin Tucks:
- Stand or sit with good posture.
- Tilt your head forward and tuck your chin towards your chest.
- Hold for 5 seconds.
- Repeat 10-15 times.
Resistance band exercises:
- Attach one end of a resistance band to a sturdy object at head height.
- Hold the other end of the band in your hand and stand facing the object.
- Pull the band towards your head while keeping your neck in a neutral position.
- Hold for 5 seconds.
- Repeat 10-15 times.
Remember to start with light resistance and gradually increase it as you get stronger. Also, it is important to do these exercises under the supervision of a physical therapist or healthcare professional to avoid any potential injury.